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I. Jurisdiction and VenueSubject-Matter Jurisdiction - the court's power over the type of case. A federal court must possess subject-matter jurisdiction over a dispute.Federal Question JurisdictionFederal courts have jurisdiction to decide federal questions. T...

Common Mistakes and Difficulties in the MPT Time Management Time management is critical on the MPT, and it is one of the most common areas where examinees struggle. Examinees often spend too much time reading and analyzing the File and Library, and not enoug...

I. CHOICE OF LAW A. INTRODUCTION 1. Choice of Law issues arise when the laws of more than one jurisdiction arguably apply to a dispute. 2. Terminology Forum: The state in which the lawsuit is filed. Forum Law: The law of the state where the lawsuit ...

I. Organization of the Courts in the Federal System A. The United States Supreme Court Jurisdiction Article III, Section 2 grants the Supreme Court original jurisdiction in cases: Affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and consuls. In which ...

I. Formation of Contracts Governing Law UCC governs contracts for the sale of goods (tangible, movable personal property). The UCC trumps any contrary common law rule. Common law governs contracts not involving the sale of goods. Hybrid contracts (invo...

I. HOMICIDE A. INTENDED KILLINGS 1. Premeditation, Deliberation First-degree murder includes intent-to-kill murder committed with premeditation and deliberation. Premeditation can occur in a short amount of time. It is when a person has made a plan or sc...

Business Associations Piercing the Corporate Veil: Determining when to hold shareholders personally liable for corporate debts can be tricky. This involves analyzing factors like undercapitalization, commingling of funds, and fraud to decide if the corporat...

I. Presentation of Evidence A. Applicability of the Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE) The FRE apply to federal court proceedings, including civil and criminal trials, bankruptcy, and Court of Federal Claims cases. Exceptions: grand jury proceedings, prelimi...

Getting Married A. Requirements for Marriage Age: Both parties must be of a minimum age, usually 18, though often younger with parental or judicial approval. Consanguinity and Affinity: The parties must not be too closely related. Mental Capacity: Both p...

Civil Procedure Most Frequently Tested Topics Jurisdiction and Venue: This includes questions about subject matter jurisdiction, personal jurisdiction, and venue. Pretrial Procedures: This includes questions about pleadings, discovery, and motions. Motio...

Business Associations            Most Frequent: Formation of Corporations, Corporate Finance, Shareholders, Directors, Officers, Fundamental Corporate Changes  Difficult: Piercing the Corporate Veil, Fiduciary Duties of Directors, Derivative Actions Civil...

Ownership of Real Property I. Present Possessory Estates A present possessory estate gives the holder a present right of possession and right to use and enjoy the property. A. Freehold Estates A freehold estate gives the owner title to or a right to hold t...

I. General UCC Principles A. Rules of Construction and Application (UCC § 1-101 et seq.) The UCC governs the sale of goods, displacing common law rules where there is a conflict. Goods are defined as movable items, excluding intangibles, money, legal claim...

Intentional Torts I. General Requirements To prove an intentional tort, the plaintiff must prove three elements: Voluntary act: A conscious or willed act as opposed to a purely reflexive one. Intent: Can be shown in one of two ways: a. The actor acts wit...

I. Intestate Succession A. General Principles Intestate succession governs the distribution of property when an individual dies without a valid will. It also applies when a will fails to dispose of all property (partial intestacy). Rules of intestacy are...

The Universal Bar Exam (UBE) is a challenging exam that tests a wide range of legal concepts. While every examinee has their own strengths and weaknesses, some legal concepts are consistently identified as more difficult to grasp and frequently result in incor...

Life is a dance Love is the music Fate is the beat Life is made Fate is always there But the love is what has to be found

I'm going to go-to bed with a soft voice whispering in my ear, As I get swept away on the beauty of dream filled nights, And surrounded by dreams on dreams of the voice the sounds so sweet And who the owner is I'll never know.

I dreamt of you, I slept with you in my dreams In my dreams we were one In my dreams you were mine In my dreams she wasn't there In my dreams it was just us two In my dreams I wish I could be In my dreams I wish I could live Outside my dreams I wish, I could l...

My world was perfect My world was great My world had everything My world only needed My world one was missing The perfect boy Could you be that boy?